Standard Picture of Down and Feather

Are you worried about this velvet? How large is the area of the damaged hair to be included in the damage? How should goose down be judged? To what extent can the double cross lines of transparency be read? This series of problems will be solved when you get GSB16-2763-2011 "Down and Feather Standard Photo"!

For a long time, down and feather sensory testing has relied on the standard description of the text. Because of lack of intuition, it is difficult for the inspectors to grasp accurately, and the inspection vision is difficult to unify. Therefore, there is an urgent need for all parties to develop a set of samples as a supplement to the text standard, which is of great significance for improving the level of testing, facilitating education and training, continuously improving the quality of testing, helping enterprises to overcome technical barriers to trade, helping enterprises to obtain international market recognition and promoting the smooth entry of products into the international market.

After years of elaborate research and development, on the basis of consulting experts at home and abroad, the national standard GSB16-2763-2011 "Down and Feather Standard Sample Photo" has recently been officially sold to the public. The sample has been improved and broken through in five aspects: component analysis, species identification, clarity of transparency double cross lines, microbial colony status and morphological evolution. It is compatible with "Down Feather" (GB/T 17685) and "Down Feather Testing Method" (GB/T 10288). It is faithful to and higher than the standard, and has a strong intuitive sense. Recognition and unification of vision. For the same definition, such as wool, collect as many types as possible, and list the key points of judgment in Chinese and English based on the precious experience accumulated by the developer for many years. All kinds of sensory inspection items are illustrated by physical samples (samples) in an all-round way, which can be used exclusively by testing institutions, foreign trade and production enterprises. It is used by technicians and colleges.

GSB16-2763-2011 Standard Picture of Down and Feather

Standard Picture of Down and Feather

At present, there are many down products on the market and the quality is uneven, but the main types are goose down and duck down. Goose down and duck down, goose feather and duck feather, chicken feather and so on have no obvious difference in appearance, but there are obvious differences in the heat preservation performance. The same content of goose down is better than duck down in the heat preservation effect, and the market price is also higher. Therefore, the identification of duck and goose down has become an important part of feather detection. Relevant departments in China have formulated a series of relevant standards, which provide a basis for species identification of goose and duck down.

In daily inspection, on the one hand, the relevant standards are basically qualitative descriptions in some words, which are difficult for the inspectors to grasp accurately; on the other hand, duck and goose down exist in various forms, feathers are divided into normal feathers and damaged feathers, feathers mainly refer to down and down, and down is divided into down, immature down and similar. There are overlapping and identical phenomena in the micro-structure of down and damaged down, which make it difficult to test. This paper gives a basic introduction to the identification of down types, micro-structure and characteristics.

Definition and appearance of various kinds of wool and velvet

The content detection includes the following contents: down, land fowl feather, heterochromatic down, waterfowl feather, duck feather (down), long hair, down, feather, impurity content and down content in goose feather (down). Their definitions and appearance are introduced separately below.

1.1 cashmere: refers to the general term of tufted cashmere, immature cashmere, similar cashmere and damaged cashmere.

1.2 velvet: a single piece of velvet that falls off the root of the velvet or pork.

1.3 Feather: A single feather falling off the surface of a feather.

1.4X: Soft feathers of ducks and geese. They are divided into long and damaged hair.

1.5 Land fowl feathers: the feathers of pointed-billed birds.

1.6 Impurities: Gray sand, dandruff, small blood vessels and other impurities.

The current national standard GB/T 14272-2011 down content: refers to the percentage of down and down in feather and down. Cashmere content: refers to the percentage of cashmere in the sample quality. So unlawful traders use inferior down, such as crushed feather mixed with down and down, as down, and fill it into clothing. The detected content of down and down must be unqualified.

2. Identification of Down and Feather by Projector

2.1 Microscopic magnification of duck feather twigs (magnification 80 times):

The distal end of the feather branches of duck down and feather root has triangular diamond joints. The diamond joints of duck down are larger and arranged regularly at the end of small feather branches in three groups. The distance between diamond joints is shorter (shorter than the distance between diamond joints of goose down).

2.2 Microscopic magnification of goose feather twigs (magnification 80 times):

The middle part of the feather branches of goose down and feather root has triangular rhombus joints. The rhombus joints of goose down are smaller and the spacing between them is larger, which is several times the size of rhombus joints. They generally appear in three groups, starting from the middle part of the small feather branches.

2.3 It is impossible to distinguish the microscopic magnification of barbs (magnification 80 times):

Triangular rhomboids sometimes absent from feathers of duck down and goose down.

2.4 The microscopic magnification of chicken feathers and filamentous feathers (magnification 80 times):

The small feather branches on the roots of chicken feathers have no rhomboids, and distribute a series of small nodules or swelling protuberances evenly, making them bamboo-shaped in appearance. Small nodules or swelling protuberances are distributed almost throughout the plume.

3 Summary

The current national standards, industry standards and even international concentric standards for the identification of down species in China are basically qualitative descriptions in writing, lacking uniform quantitative discriminant data. Due to the limitations of describing the appearance characteristics of words, it is difficult for inspectors to master them and to unify the inspection standards, which may result in different inspection results for uniform samples. This kind of artificial naked eye identification requires a lot of appraisal and inspection personnel. Inspectors need a lot of training and practical experience. They must have a full understanding of the morphological characteristics of goose down, duck down, ground fowl down, chicken hair and pigeon hair in ground fowl hair. Only on this basis can they be tested.